A fannin fasahar dumama da sanyaya, famfunan zafi sun fito a matsayin mafita mai inganci da muhalli. Ana amfani da su sosai a wuraren zama, kasuwanci, da masana'antu don samar da ayyukan dumama da sanyaya. Don fahimtar ƙima da aiki na famfo mai zafi da gaske, yana da mahimmanci don zurfafa cikin ƙa'idodin aikin su da manufar Coefficient of Performance (COP).
Ka'idojin Aiki na Tumbun Zafi
Basic Concept
Tushen zafi shine ainihin na'urar da ke jigilar zafi daga wuri zuwa wani. Ba kamar tsarin dumama na gargajiya waɗanda ke haifar da zafi ta hanyar konewa ko juriya na wutar lantarki ba, famfunan zafi suna motsa zafin da ke akwai daga wurin mai sanyaya zuwa mafi zafi. Wannan tsari yayi kama da yadda firiji ke aiki, amma a baya. Firji yana fitar da zafi daga cikinsa kuma ya sake shi zuwa cikin muhallin da ke kewaye, yayin da famfo mai zafi yana fitar da zafi daga yanayin waje ya sake shi a cikin gida.
Zagayen firij
Aikin famfo mai zafi yana dogara ne akan sake zagayowar refrigeration, wanda ya ƙunshi manyan abubuwa guda huɗu: evaporator, compressor, condenser, da valve na fadadawa. Anan ga bayanin mataki-mataki na yadda waɗannan sassan ke aiki tare:
- Evaporator: Tsarin yana farawa tare da mai watsa ruwa, wanda ke cikin yanayin sanyi (misali, a waje da gidan). Refrigerant, wani abu mai ƙarancin tafasasshen zafi, yana ɗaukar zafi daga kewayen iska ko ƙasa. Yayin da yake ɗaukar zafi, na'urar tana canzawa daga ruwa zuwa gas. Wannan canjin lokaci yana da mahimmanci saboda yana ba da damar firij don ɗaukar babban adadin zafi.
- Compressor: Na'urar sanyaya iskar gas sannan ta matsa zuwa compressor. Compressor yana ƙara matsa lamba da zafin jiki na refrigerant ta hanyar matsawa. Wannan matakin yana da mahimmanci saboda yana ɗaga zafin na'urar sanyaya zuwa matakin da ya fi zafin cikin gida da ake so. Matsakaicin matsi mai zafi mai zafi yanzu yana shirye don sakin zafi.
- Condenser: Mataki na gaba ya ƙunshi na'ura mai kwakwalwa, wanda ke cikin yanayin zafi (misali, cikin gida). Anan, firiji mai zafi mai zafi yana sakin zafinsa zuwa iska ko ruwa da ke kewaye. Yayin da firijin ke sakin zafi, sai ya huce ya canza baya daga iskar gas zuwa ruwa. Wannan canjin lokaci yana sakin babban adadin zafi, wanda ake amfani dashi don dumama sararin cikin gida.
- Fadada Valve: A ƙarshe, refrigerant na ruwa yana wucewa ta hanyar bawul ɗin haɓakawa, wanda ke rage matsa lamba da zafin jiki. Wannan matakin yana shirya refrigerant don sake ɗaukar zafi a cikin evaporator, kuma sake zagayowar.
Ƙididdigar Ayyuka (COP)
Ma'anarsa
Coefficient of Performance (COP) shine ma'auni na ingancin aikin famfo mai zafi. An bayyana shi azaman rabon adadin zafin da ake bayarwa (ko cirewa) zuwa adadin kuzarin lantarki da aka cinye. A cikin sauƙi, yana gaya mana yawan zafin da famfo mai zafi zai iya samarwa ga kowace naúrar wutar lantarki da yake amfani da ita.
Ta hanyar lissafi, an bayyana COP kamar:
COP=An Yi Amfani da Makamashin Lantarki (W) Zafin da Aka Bayar (Q)
Lokacin da famfo mai zafi yana da COP (Coefficient of Performance) na 5.0, zai iya rage yawan kuɗin wutar lantarki idan aka kwatanta da dumama lantarki na gargajiya. Ga cikakken bincike da lissafi:
Kwatanta Ingantaccen Makamashi
Dumin wutar lantarki na gargajiya yana da COP na 1.0, ma'ana yana samar da raka'a 1 na zafi ga kowane 1 kWh na wutar da aka cinye. Sabanin haka, famfo mai zafi tare da COP na 5.0 yana samar da raka'a 5 na zafi ga kowane 1 kWh na wutar lantarki da ake cinyewa, yana sa ya fi ƙarfin dumama lantarki na gargajiya.
Kididdigar Kudirin Wutar Lantarki
Tsammanin buƙatar samar da raka'a 100 na zafi:
- Dumama Wutar Lantarki na Gargajiya: Yana buƙatar 100 kWh na wutar lantarki.
- Zazzage famfo tare da COP na 5.0: Kawai yana buƙatar 20 kWh na wutar lantarki (raka'a 100 na zafi ÷ 5.0).
Idan farashin wutar lantarki shine 0.5 € a kowace kWh:
- Dumama Wutar Lantarki na Gargajiya: Farashin wutar lantarki shine 50€ (100 kWh × 0.5€/kWh).
- Zazzage famfo tare da COP na 5.0: Kudin wutar lantarki shine € 10 (20 kWh × 0.5 € / kWh).
Adadin Ajiye
Famfu na zafi zai iya ajiye 80% akan lissafin wutar lantarki idan aka kwatanta da dumama lantarki na gargajiya ((50 - 10) ÷ 50 = 80%).
Misali Mai Aiki
A aikace-aikace masu amfani, kamar samar da ruwan zafi na cikin gida, ɗauka cewa ana buƙatar mai zafi lita 200 na ruwa daga 15 ° C zuwa 55 ° C kowace rana:
- Dumama Wutar Lantarki na Gargajiya: Yana cinye kusan 38.77 kWh na wutar lantarki (yana ɗaukar ingancin zafi na 90%).
- Zazzage famfo tare da COP na 5.0: Yana cinye kusan 7.75 kWh na wutar lantarki (38.77 kWh ÷ 5.0).
A farashin wutar lantarki na 0.5€ a kowace kWh:
- Dumama Wutar Lantarki na Gargajiya: Kudin wutar lantarki na yau da kullun yana kusan 19.39€ (38.77 kWh × 0.5€/kWh).
- Zazzage famfo tare da COP na 5.0: Kudin wutar lantarki na yau da kullun shine kusan 3.88€ (7.75 kWh × 0.5€/kWh).
Kiyasin Tattalin Arziki don Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Iyali: Famfunan zafi da Dumama Gas
Dangane da kididdigar masana'antu da yanayin farashin makamashi na Turai:
| Abu | Halitta Gas Dumama | Heat Pump Dumama | Ƙimar Bambancin Shekara-shekara |
| Matsakaicin Farashin Makamashi na Shekara-shekara | €1,200-€1,500 | €600-900 | Ajiye na kusan. €300-900 |
| CO₂ Emissions (ton/shekara) | 3-5 tons | 1-2 tons | Rage kusan. 2-3 tons |
Lura:Tabbataccen tanadi ya bambanta dangane da farashin wutan lantarki da gas na ƙasa, ingancin ginin ginin, da ingancin famfo mai zafi. Kasashe kamar Jamus, Faransa, da Italiya suna nuna babban tanadi, musamman idan akwai tallafin gwamnati.
Hien R290 EocForce Seria 6-16kW Ruwan zafi: Monobloc Air zuwa Ruwan Zafin Ruwa
Mabuɗin fasali:
Ayyukan Duk-in-daya: dumama, sanyaya, da ayyukan ruwan zafi na gida
Zaɓuɓɓukan Wutar Lantarki masu Sauƙi: 220-240 V ko 380-420V
Ƙarfin Ƙira: 6-16 kW ƙananan raka'a
Refrigerant Abokin Hulɗa: Green R290 firiji
Aiki na Shuru:40.5dB(A) a 1 m
Ingantaccen Makamashi: SCOP Har zuwa 5.19
Matsanancin Zazzabi Performance: Tsararren aiki a -20 ° C
Babban Haɓaka Ƙarfi: A+++
Smart Control da PV-shirye
Ayyukan Anti-legionella: Max Outlet Water Temp.75ºC
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-10-2025